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Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet khổng lồ indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning lớn each of the following questions "I’ll take the children to lớn the park," said the husband to his wife.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet khổng lồ indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning lớn each of the following questions Is it necessary lớn meet the manager at the airport?
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet khổng lồ indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions
Nam was so rude lớn them last night. Now he feels regretful.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet lớn indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions
He started computer programming as soon as he left school.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to lớn indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet lớn indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of primary bức xúc in each of the following questions.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to lớn indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of primary bức xúc in each of the following questions.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to lớn indicate the correct answer lớn each of the following questions. She didn’t go yesterday, _________?
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet khổng lồ indicate the correct answer lớn each of the following questions. Laura . . . . . . . . In Boston.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet khổng lồ indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions. These facts may be familiar .......... You.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to lớn each of the following questions. ………I get lớn know Jim, the more I lượt thích him.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to lớn indicate the correct answer khổng lồ each of the following questions. We like policies.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet khổng lồ indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions. He fell down when he ……. Towards the church.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet lớn indicate the correct answer lớn each of the following questions. He managed khổng lồ win the race ……. Hurting his foot before the race.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet khổng lồ indicate the correct answer to lớn each of the following questions. ……. The letter, Tom will have left for Paris.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions. ……… UNESCO criteria for outstanding universal value khổng lồ humanity, Trang An Scenic Landscape Complex was added to lớn the World Heritage danh sách in 2014.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions. The teacher likes her essay because it’s very ……..
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer lớn each of the following questions. When being interviewed, you should ……… what the interviewer is saying or asking you.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer khổng lồ each of the following questions. We have been working hard. Let’s …… a break.
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While every effort has been made to lớn follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies.Please refer lớn the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions.
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Professor Emeritus of Circus History, Department of Drama, University of Virginia, Charlottesville. Co-author of Step Right Up: The Adventure of Circus in America.
Freelance writer. Tác giả of The Life và Art of Andrew Ducrow và the romantic Age of the English Circus; P.T. Barnum: The Legend and the Man.
Encyclopaedia abpvisa.com"s editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that nội dung or via study for an advanced degree. They write new nội dung and verify & edit nội dung received from contributors.
Key People:P.T. Barnum
Clyde Beatty
Guy Laliberté
Emmett Kelly
Dan Rice...(Show more)Related Topics:clown
Wild West showone-ring circuswild animal actsideshow...(Show more)
circus, an entertainment or spectacle usually consisting of trained animal acts và exhibitions of human skill và daring. The word has the same root as circle & circumference, recalling the distinctive environment in which such entertainment is presented—the ring, a circular performance area usually bounded by a short fence (or “curb”). The ring may be enclosed in an arena, in a building designed for circus performances, or in a tent, và it is generally surrounded by tiers of seats for spectators.
Variations to this definition exist, however, & any attempt at a strict, all-inclusive definition reduces the term’s application to lớn a particular nationality, generation, or proprietorship. Some circuses vày not use trained animals, for example, such as the circuses of china and Africa, which feature acrobatic acts similar to lớn those elsewhere, albeit with traditions rooted in religion và folklore. At various times circuses have offered supplementary attractions such as street parades, menageries, sideshows, pantomimes, and theatrical presentations. A number of circuses, especially in Europe, have been stationary, occupying permanent, often elegant buildings in larger cities. Others have traveled extensively—originally by horse và wagon & then by railroad, boat, motor vehicle, or even airplane—and exhibited in tents, theatres, and, beginning in the 1960s, huge enclosed sports arenas. Many circus companies, particularly in the United States, exhibit simultaneously in three or more rings, with the building or tent taking on a rectangular or elliptical shape; others retain the one-ring format. Some organizations, such as the Ringling Bros. & Barnum và Bailey Circus, could point to lớn a history extending back a century or more; other circuses, such as those sponsored by fraternal organizations (e.g., the Shriners), existed for less than a single season or for only one engagement. Through all the above, however, there runs a common thread: the ring, by which spectators readily recognize the entertainment known as “circus.”
Early history
Origins
The circus is of comparatively recent origin, yet certain elements can be traced back lớn ancient Rome. The great Roman amphitheatres—called circuses after the Latin word for “circle”—were most often devoted lớn gladiatorial combats, chariot races, the slaughter of animals, mock battles, and other blood sports. The most spectacular of these arenas, the Circus Maximus, was in operation for more than 1,000 years. It would seem on the surface that these exhibitions of carnage had little in common with modern circuses, yet it is from the early Roman circuses that traditions such as trained animals & the preshow parade derive.
Elsewhere, ancient peoples performed other acts associated with the modern circus. Acrobatics, balancing acts, and juggling are probably as old as humankind itself, with records of such acts being performed in Egypt as early as 2500 bce. The Greeks practiced ropedancing; early African civilizations engaged in siricasi (a combination of folkloric dances & acrobatics); and the ancient Chinese juggled and performed acrobatic acts for members of the imperial court. Clowns have existed in nearly every period và civilization, both as characters in farces and as individual performers.
For centuries, however, there were no attempts to organize such acts into a distinct entertainment; rather, individuals & small troupes of performers with specialized talents wandered through Europe, Africa, & Asia. Such roving entertainers appeared wherever groups of people gathered: in nobles’ halls, at community celebrations, và at marketplaces. In the 9th century King Alfred the Great of England was said to lớn have been entertained by a wild beast show, & in the 11th century William the Conqueror brought performing troupes of ropedancers, tumblers, & contortionists lớn England from France.
Fairs played an important role in developing trade throughout Europe from the 7th century until the late medieval period, at which point more-regular channels of sale were standardized. Fairs then became a place less for trading than for entertainment, providing a showcase for acrobatics, feats of skill, trained animals, và other elements later associated with the circus. By the late 18th century, however, they were regarded as unsavory affairs, as they had become gathering places for pickpockets, thieves, và vagrants.
